Hydroponics and Vertical Farming: The Technical Guide to Understand, Grow, and Innovate

28. How to scale up from a small facility to a professional facility

Written by Tomato+ Team | Dec 11, 2025 10:16:02 AM

 

Most indoor growers start with a small facility: a few square meters, some shelving, simple cycles, manual management.
Scaling up to a professional plant - one that produces in a stable, predictable and cost-competitive manner - however, requires methodology, automation and a very different operating model.

In this article we explore how to move from an amateur/semi-professional plant to a real production system, avoiding common mistakes and building a scalable base.

1. Understand the difference: growing does NOT mean multiplying tanks.

The first misconception to eliminate is simple:

A professional plant is not a small plant plus a larger plant.

It changes everything:

  • microclimate (air, humidity, heat load, spare parts, heat distribution)

  • internal logistics (workflows, movements, harvesting, seeding)

  • multilevel lighting

  • energy consumption and heat dissipation

  • management of simultaneous cycles

  • manpower and automation

When scaling up, the issue is no longer "growing plants well," but doing so in a repeatable, controlled way, at certain costs per kg produced.

2. First rule: standardize the process

Scaling up requires eliminating variability.
A small plant can afford "manual corrections"; a large one cannot.

Standardization includes:

Replicable layout

Shelving, floor spacing, LED distribution, water/air management, aisles, dirty/clean areas.

Growth Plan defined.

Photoperiod, spectrum, irrigation cycles, nutrients, tracking.
With AI-first systems like Tomato+, Growth Plans become dynamic and automatically correct errors or deviations.

✔ O perating Procedures (SOPs).

Planting, transplanting (if any), harvesting, cleaning, maintenance.

Continuous monitoring.

Water/air temperature, VPD, EC/pH, PPFD by floor, root status.

A small space survives approximation; a professional plant pays for it with lower yields and higher costs.

3. Lighting: from "hobby" LEDs to a controlled system.

In real scaling, light becomes one of the most important cost items.
Consumer or improperly cooled LEDs create hotspots, variable yields, and energy inefficiency.

A professional installation requires:

  • PPFD homogeneous on every plane

  • optimized spectrum for multiple crops

  • independent control of LED channels (not generic dimmers)

  • efficient cooling to avoid microclimate problems

Tomato+ technology with independently controlled 6-channel LEDs and liquid cooling allows maintaining:

  • uniformity of growth

  • plants without thermal stress

  • reduced indoor heat load (thus less air conditioning)

 

4. Microclimate: the most complex variable to scale.

In a small plant, air often "moves on its own."
When it scales, it no longer works.

The main critical issues:

  • Heat stratification (high floors go into stress)

  • Air stagnation → mold, botrytis, condensation

  • VPD unstable

  • moisture to be managed in each crop cycle

  • interaction between ventilation and lights

Need a system that ensures:

  • continuous and directed air flows

  • balanced air changes

  • stable temperature between floors

  • extraction of heat produced by the lamps

  • automation of parameters

AI-first plants manage these variables dynamically, preventing errors before they manifest on plants.

5. Automation: the key to containing OPEX

Manpower is the real differentiator between a sustainable plant and one that is not.

Scaling up requires reducing manual activities:

Typical activities to automate:

  • irrigation

  • EC/pH management

  • nutrient compensation

  • water temperature control

  • photoperiod and intensity management

  • sensor monitoring

  • image analysis and plant diagnostics

With AI-first systems (such as Tomato+) labor requirements are reduced by 30 to 60 percent, and with ready-made pods and substrates that do not require transplanting/moving, operational labor is reduced to a few hours per month depending on the crop.

6. Growing also means managing data, not just plants

A small plant can proceed "by feel."
A professional plant must be:

  • data-driven

  • remotely monitored

  • optimizable through AI

  • capable of identifying growth patterns, anomalies and inefficiencies

Tomato+ integrates:

  • continuous telemetry

  • AI image recognition

  • dynamic growth plans

  • data on consumption, yield, environmental conditions

Scalability is not physical: it is digital.

7. Plant logistics: the most underestimated factor

Scaling up means introducing a clear workflow:

  • planting area

  • germination area

  • growth area

  • harvesting area

  • pod storage and handling

  • cleaning/sanitizing

  • separate paths between "clean" and "dirty"

Without good internal logistics, labor costs explode and quality becomes variable.

8. How to tell if you are ready to scale up

If you answer yes to at least 4 of these questions, you are ready:

  • do you have a replicable process?

  • can you predict yield and cycles?

  • do you know your costs per kg?

  • have you already automated some of the management?

  • do you have a modular or easily expandable layout?

  • do you have sufficient data on your current model?

  • can you operate in the absence of the main operator?

If the answer is "it depends," it is not yet time: you need to standardize first.

9. The Tomato+ model: scaling up without multiplying complexity

Tomato+ technologies are designed to do just that:

  • modular and replicable greenhouses

  • ready-to-use pods that eliminate transplanting and critical labor

  • Professional LEDs with independent control and liquid cooling

  • Built-in AI that optimizes cycles and reduces human error

  • end-to-end automation

  • scalable cloud infrastructure

  • dynamic growth plans based on data collected from across the network

Enable transition from "small plant" to professional production network while maintaining low OPEX costs and consistent quality.

 

Conclusion

Scaling does not mean "building bigger," but building better.

Those who standardize, automate and collect data can scale infinite times.
Those who replicate a handcrafted facility in a big way end up in a dead end of costs, problems, and inefficiencies.

Professional growth requires method, technology and a clear vision of how the plant will evolve in the coming years.

Thank you for reading this article. Keep following us to discover new content on hydroponics, vertical farming, and smart agriculture.
Tomato+ Team